We studied morphology and anatomy of Pinus krempfii foliage leaves collected in South Vietnam. Our results strongly contradict data presented by L.V. Orlova and L.V. Averyanov (2004):
1) Pinus krempfii and Keteleeria have dimorphic foliage leaves of brachyblasts in contrast to other Pinaceae;
2) these leaves have a net of transversal anastomotic veins; 3) mesozoic Pityophyllum (Pityocladus) longifolius Möller is the closest ancestor of Krempf’s pine; 4) Pinus krempfii should be considered as a separate genus Ducampopinus A.Chev. Shadow leaves, sun leaves and intermediate type of leaves could be distinguished in Krempf’s pine upon the study of morphology and anatomy of the foliage leaf blades and stomata arrangement. Formation of several leaf types is typical for many woody plants.