Summer diet of domestic animals in the Black lands of Kalmyki

Dzhapova V.V., Bembeeva O.G., Ayusheva E.Ch., Dzhapova R.R.

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2023. T. 128. Vyp. 4.

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2023. T. 128. Vyp. 4.

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10.55959/MSU0027-1403-BB-2023-128-4-38–47

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Dzhapova V.V., Bembeeva O.G., Ayusheva E.Ch., Dzhapova R.R.

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diet of grazed domestic animals, microhistological cuticular analysis of excrement, Black Lands

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Dzhapova V.V., Bembeeva O.G., Ayusheva E.Ch., Dzhapova R.R., Summer diet of domestic animals in the Black lands of Kalmyki // Byul. MOIP. Otd. biol. 2023. T. 128. Vyp. 4. S. 38-47

Summer diet of domestic animals in the Black lands of Kalmyki

Field material for assessing the diet of grazed domestic animals was collected in the summer season of 2020 on the territory of the Black Lands (the southern part of the Caspian lowland within the borders of the Republic of Kalmykia). The research area belongs to the northern subzone of the desert zone (Zones and Zones…, 1999). Data on the composition of forage plants in the diet of jointly grazed sheep, cows and horses were obtained using the method of microhistological cuticular analysis of excrement. This method is used for the fi rst time to assess the diet of sheep, cows and horses in the study area. 25 plant species were identifi ed in the summer diet of grazed animals, of which 21 species were noted when describing vegetation in the key area. It was revealed that the diet of grazed domestic animal species differs in the ratio of the main forage groups of plants in it: cereals, sedges and various grasses. The share of cereals is the highest in the diet of horses (92%), and the share of various grasses prevails in the diet of sheep (35%).

References

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Shorygin A.A. Pitanie, izbiratel’naya sposobnost’ i pishchevye vzaimootnosheniya nekotorykh Gobiidae Kaspiiskogo morya // Zool. zhurnal. 1939. T. 18. Vyp. 1. S. 27–53.
Chapius J.L., Bousses P., Pisanu B., Reale D. Comparative rumen and fecal diet microhistological determinations of European moufl on // J. Range Manage. 2001. Vol. 54 (3). 2001. P. 239–242.
Henley S.R., Smith D.G., Raats J.G. Evalution of 3 technigques for determining diet composition // J. Range Manage. Vol. 54 (5). 2001. P. 582–588.
Mohammad A.G., R.D. Pieper, Wallace J.D., Holechek J.L. and Murray L.W. Comparison of fecal analysis and rumen evacuation techniques for sampling diet botanical composition of grazing cattle // J. Range Manage. 1995. 48 (3). P. 202–205.
Pekka H. Food Composition and Feeding Habits of the Roe Deer in Winter in Central Finland // Acta Theriologica. 1980. Vol. 25. P. 395–402.
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http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru/history/34866_2.htm

Список литературы

Abaturov B.D., Larionov K.O., Dzhapova R.R., Kolesnikov M.P. Kachestvo kormov i obespechennost’ saigakov (Saiga tatarica) pishchei v usloviyakh vosstanovitel’noi smeny rastitel’nosti na Chernykh Zemlyakh Kalmykii // Zool. Zhurn. 2008. T. 87. № 12. S. 1524–1530.
Abaturov B.D., Dzhapova R.R., Kaz’min V.D., Ayusheva E.Ch., Dzhapova V.V. Sravnitel’nye osobennosti pitaniya loshadi Przheval’skogo Equus Przewalskii, dvugorbogo verblyuda Camelus bactrianus i saigaka Saiga tatarica na stepnom izolirovannom pastbishche // Izvestiya RAN. Seriya biologicheskaya, 2019. № 6. S. 625–639.
Abaturov B.D. Pitanie i kormovye resursy dikikh rastitel’noyadnykh mlekopitayushchikh v stepnykh ekosistemakh. M., 2021. 208 s.
Agroklimaticheskie resursy Kalmytskoi ASSR. L., 1974. 172 s.
Gringof I.G. Pastbishchnye rasteniya Kyzylkuma i pogoda. Pod red. d-ra geogr. nauk prof. L. N. Babushkina. L., 1967.138 s.
Dzhapova R.R. Dinamika pastbishch i senokosov Respubliki Kalmykiya. Elista, 2008. 136 s.
Dzhapova R.R., Ayusheva E.Ch., Bembeeva O.G., Dzhapova V.V. Atlas etalonnykh obraztsov kutikulyarnoi struktury epidermisa razlichnykh vidov rastenii stepnoi i pustynnoi zon. Pod red. prof. B.D. Abaturova. Elista, 2019. 94 s.
Dzhapova R.R., Vas’kina N.A., Khalginova B.V. Antropogennaya dinamika rastitel’nogo pokrova v pustynnoi zone na territorii Respubliki Kalmykiya // Sovremennaya botanika v Rossii: Tr. XIII S”ezda Rus. bot. o-va i konf. “Nauchnye osnovy okhrany i ratsional’nogo ispol’zovaniya rastitel’nogo pokrova Volzhskogo basseina”. Tol’yatti, 2013. T. 2. S. 203–205.
Dmitriev I.A., Rozenfel’d S.B. Sovmestnoe ispol’zovanie domashnim skotom stepnykh pastbishch Vostochnoi Mongolii // Vestn. KrasGU. 2009. № 8. S. 63–68.
Zonn I.S. Respublika Kalmykiya – Khal’mg Tangch – Evropeiskii region ekologicheskoi napryazhennosti //Biota i prirodnaya sreda Kalmykii. M., 1995. S. 3–18.
Zony i tipy poyasnosti rastitel’nosti Rossii i sopredel’nykh territorii. M 1: 8 000 000. Karta. Otv. red. G.N. Ogureeva. M., 1999.
Klassifikatsiya i diagnostika pochv SSSR. Sost. V.V. Egorov, V.M. Fridland, E.N. Ivanova i dr. M., 1977. 223 s.
Obshchesoyuznaya instruktsiya po provedeniyu geobotanicheskogo obsledo¬vaniya prirodnykh kormovykh ugodii i sostavleniyu krupnomasshtabnykh geobotanicheskikh kart. M., 1984. 105 s.
Ponyatovskaya V.M. Uchet obiliya i osobennosti razmeshcheniya vidov v estestvennykh rastitel’nykh soobshchestvakh // Polevaya geobotanika. Pod red. E.M. Lavrenko, A.A. Korchagina. M.; L., 1964. T. 3. S. 209–299.
Ramenskii L.G. Izbrannye raboty. Problemy i metody izucheniya rastitel’nogo pokrova. L., 1971. 334 s.
Rozenfel’d S.B., Larionov K.O. 2006. Primenenie kutikulyarnogo koprologicheskogo analiza v izuchenii sostava kormov kopytnykh v Kalmykii i Mongolii // Aktual’nye problemy ekologii i evolyutsii v issledovaniyakh molodykh uchenykh. M., S.117–141.
Tanfil’ev V. G. Vliyanie otchuzhdeniya nadzemnoi massy na sostoyanie mnogoletnikh stepnykh trav // Vestnik sel’skokhozyaistvennoi nauki, 1940. Vyp. 4. S. 17–28.
Formozov A.N. Zveri, ptitsy i ikh vzaimootnosheniya so sredoi obitaniya. M., 1976. S. 26.
Cherepanov S.K. 1995. Sosudistye rasteniya Rossii i sopredel’nykh gosudarstv (v predelakh byvshego SSSR). L., 995 s.
Chernova O.F., Rozenfel’d S.B. Vozmozhnost’ primeneniya metoda kutikulyarnogo analiza dlya diagnostiki rastenii po ikh fragmentam // Vestn. KrasGU. 2010. № 2. S. 43–47.
Shorygin A.A. Pitanie, izbiratel’naya sposobnost’ i pishchevye vzaimootnosheniya nekotorykh Gobiidae Kaspiiskogo morya // Zool. zhurnal. 1939. T. 18. Vyp. 1. S. 27–53.
Chapius J.L., Bousses P., Pisanu B., Reale D. Comparative rumen and fecal diet microhistological determinations of European moufl on // J. Range Manage. 2001. Vol. 54 (3). 2001. P. 239–242.
Henley S.R., Smith D.G., Raats J.G. Evalution of 3 technigques for determining diet composition // J. Range Manage. Vol. 54 (5). 2001. P. 582–588.
Mohammad A.G., R.D. Pieper, Wallace J.D., Holechek J.L. and Murray L.W. Comparison of fecal analysis and rumen evacuation techniques for sampling diet botanical composition of grazing cattle // J. Range Manage. 1995. 48 (3). P. 202–205.
Pekka H. Food Composition and Feeding Habits of the Roe Deer in Winter in Central Finland // Acta Theriologica. 1980. Vol. 25. P. 395–402.
Stewart D.R.M. 1967. Analysis of plant epidermis in faeces: a technique for Studying the food preferences of grazing herbivores // J. Applied Ecology. Vol. 4. P. 83–111.
http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru/history/34866_2.htm