2014. T. 119. Vyp. 2. - Bulletin of Moscow Society of Naturalists. Biological Series

Comparative Growth of Microalgae Cultures of Species Monoraphidium arcuatum (Korsch.) Hind. and Scenedesmus quadricauda (Turp.) Bréb

fidukoffMOIP — Wed, 06 Sep 2023 09:42:45 +0000

The growth of a new for the practice of bioassays culture of microalgae Monoraphidium arcuatum (Chlorococcales) was investigated. The growth and changes in the M. arcuatum population structure were similar to those in Scenedesmus quadricauda, which is widely used as a test – organism to assess the quality of the aquatic environment. It is found that due to the formation of more autospores with fewer dividing cells during the experiment the total number of cells in cultures of M. arcuatum was higher than in S. quadricauda, enabling more express evidence of the influence of environmental factors. With this culture M. arcuatum can be recommended for further studies to be used as a test object in the environment quality control.

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Сoprophilous Perithecioides Ascomycetes from Zvenigorod Biological Station and Moscow District

fidukoffMOIP — Wed, 06 Sep 2023 09:42:45 +0000

There are 39 species from 11 genera of coprophilous ascomyceteas, perteneced to 2 class Ascomycetes and Loculoascomecetes, 2 orders (Sphaeriales and Pleosporales and 4 families (Microascaceae, Coniochaetaceae, Sordariaceae, Sporormiaceae) found on specimens of animal dung which were collected at territory of Zvenigorod Biological Station and on Moscow district. More diversity of fungi on dung specimens of cow, horse, goat and elk were found. The differences of species composition between winter and summer specimens no were found. Different species of coprophilous fungi on dung specimen developed simultaneously.

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Development of Underground Plant Organs Agrimonia eupatoria L. and Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb. in the Ontogeny

fidukoffMOIP — Wed, 06 Sep 2023 09:42:45 +0000

The purpose of this work is development study of underground plant organs of two species of the genera Agrimonia: Agrimonia eupatoria L. and Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb. in ontogeny. The structure of rhizomes and root systems of plants of these species and terms and types of foundation of renewal buds have been considered; comparison of these parameters of natural and cultivated specimen have been conducted. The data complements the interspecies characteristic of plants. It would give a new outlook to the ontogeny features in cultivation of species, which are perspective in elaboration medicine primary products.

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Scapania calcicola (Arnell et J.Perss.) Ingham. – the New Species for Liverwort Flora of Murmansk Province

fidukoffMOIP — Wed, 06 Sep 2023 09:42:45 +0000

Scapania calcicola (Arnell et J.Perss.) Ingham. is reported for the first time for Murmansk Province. The main characteristics of species, location and distribution are discussed.

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Verpa bohemica (Krombh.) Schroet. (Ascomycota) in Murmansk Region

fidukoffMOIP — Wed, 06 Sep 2023 09:42:45 +0000

The first record of Verpa bohemica on the territory of the Murmansk Region are discussed in the article. The peculiarities of distribution of the species in the North of Europe are considered. There is a need for research of this species in the Region.

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Five New Species of Wood-Boring Beetles of the Genus Lasioderma Stephens, 1835 (Coleoptera: Ptinidae: Xyletininae) from Jordan

fidukoffMOIP — Wed, 06 Sep 2023 09:42:45 +0000

No abstract.

The post Five New Species of Wood-Boring Beetles of the Genus Lasioderma Stephens, 1835 (Coleoptera: Ptinidae: Xyletininae) from Jordan first appeared on Bulletin of Moscow Society of Naturalists. Biological Series.

Notes on the Taxonomy of the Genus Populus L. I. The use of Generative Characters in Delimitation of Sections, Species and Hybrids

fidukoffMOIP — Wed, 06 Sep 2023 09:42:45 +0000

The limits of Populus and Turanga sections of the genus Populus can be characterized by the number of capsule valves, shape and dimensions of capsules, pedicel length and generative shoot structure. These characters, however, are nearly useless for species delimitation within these sections. Capsules of poplars of Aigeiros and Tacamahaca sections open with different (two or 3–4) number of valves. This character in combination with other generative and vegetative characters may be used for species identification and assessment of hybrid nature of separate plants. However, in half-opened capsules the number of valves may deviate from the real number of locules. This fact should be taken into consuderation in taxonomic studies.

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Insular Populations of Feral Cattle in First Decade of the XXI Age

fidukoffMOIP — Wed, 06 Sep 2023 09:42:44 +0000

The article provides a review of current status of feral bovine cattle populations (cows, zebu, buf- falos) around the world. There were reviewed feral cattle populations on the islands of the Atlantic Ocean: Swona (Orkney Islands); Inaccessible (Tristan da Cunha); Inagua (Bahamas). There were men- tioned the feral cattle populations on the islands of the Indian Ocean: Andaman and Nicobar Islands; Amsterdam. The feral cattle populations on the islands of the Pacific Ocean: Umnak, Chiricof, Sanak, (Aleutian Islands); Graham (Queen Charlotte Islands); Kuchinoshima (Japonic islands); Hawaii, Molo- cai, Kaua’i, O’ahu (Hawaiian Islands); Guam, Tinian, Pagan (Marianas); Isabela (Galapagos Islands); New Britain (Bismarck Archipelago); Fatu Hiva, Hiva Oa, Nuku Hiva (Marquises); Santa-Ana, Three sisters (Solomons); Savai’i (Samoa); Tahiti (Society); Vanua Levu, Viti Levu (Fiji); Raivavae, Ru- rutu, Tubuai (Tubuai Islands); Rapa Iti (Bass Islands) and islands of Juan Fernández. There was also mentioned the feral buffalo populations on the Marajo Island on Amazon River. Cows (Bos taurus) prevail among feral cattle population on the islands. Feral zebu (Bos indicus) are distributed locally on numerous Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Feral buffalos (Bubalus bubalus) are recorded from two sites: Guam Island and Marajo Island. Some insular populations are recorded without exact informa- tion regarding the animal species, for some others belonging to cows or zebu is expected.

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Vegetative Production of the Arctic Tundra of Wrangel Island and Its use by a Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) and the Musk ox (Ovibos moschatus)

fidukoffMOIP — Wed, 06 Sep 2023 09:42:44 +0000

In 2004–2007 sizes of elevated weight of separate types of plants and lichens in various landscape-climatic areas of island, seasonal parameters of selectivity of the basic fodder plants, as well as dy- namics of a level annual consumption of vegetative forages by reindeers and musk oxes in the Arctic tundra of Wrangel island are investigated. Vegetative and lichen weight of different areas of Wrangel island (115–210 g/m²) conform to a southern version of a subzone of the Arctic tundra. The average elevated weight of the maximum vascular plants in August makes 85±6 g/m², mosses – 37±8 g/m², lichens – 27±8 g/m². The structure of a diet and selectivity of consumption of fodder plants of a reindeer and the musk ox are similar. The highest factor of selectivity of a feed (K) at reindeers and musk oxes is characteristic for sedgy, sitnikovy, reaching size 8,1; at willow and bean (K) below – up to 3,1–3,4; it is a little bit less parameter (K) at cereals and kinds of herbs – 0,9–1,6. Mosses – (K) 0,6 are least preferred. Lichens in a trophic load are not fixed. The greatest level of year consumption of elevated vegetative weight in Southern landscape-climatic area reached 11–14 %, in the Central area – 10 %.

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Breeding Biology and Population Structure of the Oriental Great Reed Warbler Acrocephalus оrientalis (Sylviidae) in the Southern Primorye Structure

fidukoffMOIP — Wed, 06 Sep 2023 09:42:44 +0000

The social organization, breeding biology and population structures of individually marked Eastern Great Reed Warblers were studied in 2004–2005 at the territory of 3 sq. km in an agricultural landscape of the South Primorye (Russian Far East). Data for the years 2000–2010 on phenology, site tenacity and moult for 410 individuals on the same territory were used. The population occurs in the upland habitats and breeds in the small patches of reeds mixed with the tall herbaceous vegetation and bushes along the forest edges, river and irrigation channels. 57 nests were found, life history of 63 males and 47 nestlings were tracked. The population density was about 10 males per 1 sq. km, how- ever in high quality habitats (well developed reedbeds along the forest edges) local density reaches 8 territories on 1 ha. The arrival begins in the second decade of May, first-year males arrive in 5–7 days after adults. Early arrived males established the most qualitative territories in the center of dense reed surrounded with high trees. These territories serve as the centers of group settlements in which other males take over their territories as far as arrival progresses. This earlier males succeeded in being polygamous, while later ones remained monogamous or even bachelor. The majority of nests in both years were placed in clusters including not less than 3 nests. Only about 25% of all nests were placed solitary. The rates of the polygynous males were 21% in 2004 (n=30) and 29% (n = 31) in 2005. Po- lygynously mated females bred at a higher nesting density (from 8 up to 32 m), aggression between females did not observe. The earliest beginning of a laying – 3.05, most later – 5.07, i.e. duration of the eggs-laying period in the population is 36 days. Males leave their territories by the end of July. The majority of birds finish a moult at the last decade of August – first decade of September. Last stages of moult are combined with the beginning of seasonal movements. Autumn departure begins in the end of August, with a peak on the mid of September. We have not revealed any clear distinctions in breeding success in different years, despite the weather conditions in the two years were different (the first year was rather dry, while the next one was extremely wet). Height of nest position has a significant positive effect on the reproductive success. Breeding success of the Oriental Reed Warblers was strongly af- fected by social environments. The success of reproduction in grouped nests was significantly higher, than in solitary nests (86.2% in dense settlements, versus 26.6% – in solitary nests). In the South of Russian Far East the distribution of the Oriental Reed Warbler is closely connected with the spread of agriculture – both historically and in the present time. The studied population shows apparent stability and prospers which are expressed in the large density, high reproductive success (70% in 2004, 82% in 2005) and high level of site tenacity (33%) of the breeding birds.

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