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2018. Т. 123. Вып. 6.

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Захаров К.В.

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дикая природа в городе, рекреация, качество жизни горожан.

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Захаров К.В., Проблема отношения горожан к живой природе: объективный выбор и субъективные пожелания (обзор зарубежной литературы) // Бюл. МОИП. Отд. биол. 2018. Т. 123. Вып. 6. С. 3-11

Проблема отношения горожан к живой природе: объективный выбор и субъективные пожелания (обзор зарубежной литературы)

Значение окружающей среды для качества жизни горожан в современной урбанистике общепризнано. Многие исследователи подчеркивают экологические, социальные, экономические и системные функции «зеленых пространств» в крупных городах. Вместе с тем на практике природные территории часто воспринимаются лишь с точки зрения организации развлекательного отдыха. Состояние и облик природы в городе остаются предметом дискуссий. Для выработки правильного подхода необходимо ответить на основополагающий вопрос: какой же должна быть природа в условиях мегаполиса? Обзор современной литературы показывает, что горожане для отдыха предпочитают природные или природоподобные территории с естественной структурой растительности и ограниченными элементами паркового благоустройства.

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Список литературы

  • Abkar M., Schariff M., Kamal M., Mariapan M., Maulan S., Sheybani M. The role of urban green spaces in mood change // Aust. J. Basic Appl. Sci. 2010. N 4. Р. 5352–5361.
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  • Appleton J. The experience of  landscape. L., 1975.
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  • Hartig T., Mitchell R., de Vries S., Frumkin H. Nature and health // Annu. Rev. of  Public Health, 2014. Vol. 35. P. 207–228.
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  • Herrington S. The Nature of Ian McHarg,s science // Landscape Journal. 2010. Vol. 29. P. 1–10.
  • Irvine K.V., Warber S.L., Devine-Wright P., Gaston K.J. // Res. Publ. Health. 2013. Vol. 10. P. 417–442.
  • IUCN. The World Conservation Union, United Nation Environmental Program. Worldlife Fund for Nature. Caring for the Earth: a strategy for Sustainable living. Gland (Switzerland). 1991. 228 p.
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  • Jim C., Chen W. Recreation-amenity use and contingent valuation of urban greenspaces in Guangzhou, China // Landscape and Urban Planning. 2006. Vol. 75. Р. 81–96.
  • Junker B., Bucheker M. Aesthetics preferences versus ecological objectives in river restorations // Landscape and Urban Planning. 2008. Vol. 85. P. 141–154.
  • Kaplan S. The restorative benefits of Nature: toward an integrative framework // Journal of environmental psychology. 1995. Vol. 15. P. 169–182.
  • Kaplan R., Kaplan S. Humanscape: environments for people. North Scituate (USA). 1978. 480 p.
  • Kaymaz I.K. Landscape perception // Landscape Planning,  InTech / Dr. Murat Ozyavuz (Ed.). Rijeka (Croatia). 2012. P. 251–275.
  • Kelsey R. Landscape theory (The Art Seminar) (Ed. R. Ziady Delue and J. Elkins). N.Y., 2008. P. 128.
  • Lafortezza R., Carrus G., Sanesi G., Davies C. Benefits and well-being perceived by people visiting Green spaces in periods of heat stress // Urban Forestry and Urban Greening. 2009. Vol. 8. Р. 97–108.
  • Lee Y.-C., Kim K.-H. Attitudes of citizens towards urban parks and green spaces for urban sustainability: the case of Gyeongsan City, Republic of Korea // Sustainability. 2015. Vol. 7. P. 8240–8254.
  • Lothian A. Landscape and the philosophy of aesthetics: is the landscape quality inherent in the landscape or in the eye of the beholder? // Landscape and Urban Planning. 1999. Vol. 44. P. 177–198.
  • Lucy W.H., Phillips D.L. The post-suburban era comes to Richmond: city decline, suburban transition, and exurban growth // Landscape and Urban Planning. 1997. Vol. 36. Р. 259–275.
  • Maas J., Verheij R.A., Groenewegen P.P., de Vries S., Spreeuwenberg P. Green space, urbanity, and health: How strong is the relation? // J. Epidemiol. Community Health. 2006. Vol. 60. Р. 587–592.
  • Matsuoka R.H., Kaplan R. People needs in the urban landscape: analysis of landscape and urban planning contributions // Landscape and Urban Planning. 2008. Vol. 84. Р. 7–19.
  • McHarg I. Design with Nature. N.Y., 1971. 198 p.
  • McKinney M.L. Urbanization, biodiversity and conservation // BioScience. 2002. Vol. 52. N 10. P. 883–890.
  • McPherson E.G., Simpson J.R. Potential energy savings in buildings by anurban tree planting programme in California // Urban Forestry and Urban Greening. 2003. Vol. 2. Р. 73–86.
  • Miller J.R. Biodiversity conservation and the extinction of experience // Trends in Ecology and Evolution. 2005. Vol. 20. N 8. P. 430–434.
  • Monzingo L.A. The aesthetics of ecology design: seeing science as culture // Landscape Journal,  1997. Vol. 16. N 1. P. 46–59.
  • Nadenicek D.J., Hastings C.M. Environmental rhetoric, environmental sophism: the words and works of landscape architecture // Environmentalism in landscape architecture / M. Concan (Ed.). Washington, 2000. P. 133–162.
  • Nagendra H., Gopal D. The diversity, distribution, history and change in urbanparks: studies in Bangalore, India // Urban Ecosystem, 2010. Vol. 14. Р. 211–223.
  • Nassauer J.I. Messy ecosystems, orderly frames // Landscape Journal, 1995. 14. N 2. P. 161–170.
  • Nassauer J.I. Monitoring the success of metropolitan wetland restorations: culture sustainability and ecological function // Wetlands, 2004. Vol. 24. P. 756–765.
  • Noralizawati M. Public preferences towards naturalistic and designed landscape pattern in park area. (Master Dissertation, Build Environment, University of Technology MARA, Malaysia). Shah Alam (Malaysia), 2009 [Manuscript inpubl.].
  • Oguz D. User surveys of Ankara’s urban parks // Landscape and Urban Planning, 2000. Vol. 52. Р. 165–171.
  • Oku H., Fukamachi K. The differences in scenic perception of forest visitors through their attributes and recreational activity // Landscape and Urban Planning. 2006. Vol. 75. Р. 34–42.
  • Ozguner H., Kendle A.D. Public attitudes towards naturalistic versus designed landscapes in the city of Sheffield (UK) // Landscape and Urban Planning, 2006. Vol. 74. Р. 139–157.
  • Parsons R. Conflict between ecology suitability and environmental aesthetics: conundrum, canard and curiosity // Landscape and Urban Planning, 1995. Vol. 32. P. 227–244.
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